AHK-Cu is a tripeptide containing a copper atom. It is a short peptide in which the copper atom is attached between the histidine and alanine residues of the alanine-histidine-lysine tripeptide. The copper atom is linked to three nitrogen atoms in this molecule. It is a naturally occurring compound that has been suggested to add support in cell growth and regulation, and cell death, particularly in the case of vascular endothelial cells (the innermost layer of blood vessels). AHK-Cu has also been studied extensively in animal models under laboratory conditions for its suggested impact on collagen synthesis. Researchers posit that the peptide appears to regulate various cellular processes primarily by controlling the production of two compounds: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-B).[1] According to the researchers “TGF-beta1 induction of angiogenesis requires a rapid and transient apoptotic effect mediated by VEGF/VEGFR2.” AHK-Cu, by enhancing levels of the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, may possibly activate fibroblasts and endothelial cells. Fibroblasts are considered to lead to the production of two complex compounds; elastin and collagen. Endothelial cells are considered responsible for the growth and function of blood vessels that supply nutrition to hair follicles and skin cells. The activation of endothelial cells in association with the fibroblasts may lead to a strengthened skin barrier and increased skin elasticity, as well as potential acceleration in tissue repair. Some laboratory studies done on dermal cells indicate an increase in collagen type 1 production to the extent of as much as 300%.





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